After the first wave of Chinese immigrants arrived in the United States in the early 1840s during the California Gold Rush, many Chinese continued to travel across the Pacific, fleeing with hope from poor conditions in China and ambitions for a better life in America. Many other Chinese immigrants began arriving in the 1860s to the Pacific Coast to work in other industries such as the railroad industry. Immigrants have noticed a growing demand for labor due to their willingness to work for low wages. Many of those who arrived had no intention of staying long, and so there was no push for their naturalization. The immigrants left a country with thousands of years of a “decaying feudal system,” corruption, a growing population, and the fall of the Qing Dynasty. By 1894, over one million Chinese lived and worked abroad, of which approximately 90,000 resided in America. Originally, the United States had significant plans for Chinese immigration to California. These plans would improve its trade relations with Asia and further develop the still-new land of the Pacific coast. As a result, the demand for jobs has increased. The Chinese Opium Wars with Britain, the Red Turban Rebellion, and a difficult economy served as motivation to leave China and find a new life in Gam Saan, the Golden Mountain. For many immigrants, Gam Saan brought job opportunities, higher wages, bigger homes, stable food, nice clothes, and no war. These hopeful immigrants initially arrived voluntarily and as free workers. As the economic future for Chinese immigrants began to look bright, the job market began to become saturated with Chinese workers working for low wages and long hours, eventually causing a growing sense of anti-Chineseness. sent......middle of sheet......File, 1988. Print. The American ethnic heritage Ser.Chang, Iris. The Chinese in America: A Narrative History. New York: Viking, 2003. Print.Chen, Jack. The Chinese of America. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1980. Print.Chew, Lee. "The Biography of a Chinese." Independent magazine 19 February 1903: 417-23. Print.Gottesman, Ronald and Richard M. Brown. “Chinese Americans.” Violence in America. New York: Sons of Charles Scribner, 1999. United States History in Context. Network. February 15, 2014. Takaki, Ronald T. A Different Mirror: A History of Multicultural America. Boston: Little, Brown, 1993. Print.United States. Cong. Senate. The Joint Special Committee to Investigate Chinese Immigration. Report of the Joint Special Committee to Investigate Chinese Immigration. February 27, 1877. 44th Cong., 2nd sess. S. Rept. 689. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1877. Print.