14. Constitutional Question: Does the separation of powers give the President absolute power to withhold information from the other branches? Background information: After the Watergate scandal, a man named Leon Jaworski, assigned to lead the investigation, obtained a subpoena ordering Nixon to turn over tapes and documents relating to the meetings. Nixon claimed he had absolute executive privilege to protect communications and released only a few that had been edited. Eventually the Supreme Court asked him to release them in full. Opinion: The Court ruled that President Nixon must release the tapes. Chief Justice Burger said an absolute and unconditional privilege would impede the judiciary's primary constitutional duty to do justice in criminal proceedings. The Court also held that limited executive privilege exists in areas of military or diplomatic affairs, but gave preference to the needs of due process of law in the fair administration of justice.15. Constitutional Question Under the 1st Amendment, Article 2, Section 2, Clause 2, did the limits placed on campaign expenditures by the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 violate the Free Speech and Association Clauses? Background: After the Watergate scandal, Congress sought to investigate corruption in political campaigns by limiting financial contributions to candidates. The Federal Election Commission and the law that resulted did just that, setting limits on the amount of money an individual could contribute in a single campaign and requiring reporting of contributions above a certain amount. The controversy behind the law led to a court case... middle of paper... the court reasoned that because the Law School conducts a highly individualized review of each applicant, no acceptance or rejection is automatically based on race basis. The Court further stated that this process ensures that all factors that may contribute to diversity are considered along with race. Works Cited1. Reuters, Thomson. company.findlaw.com. Findlaw, 2011. Web. 12 September 2011. .2. "http://www.lawnix.com/cases/." http://www.lawnix.com/. Np, nd Web. 12 September 2011.3. "http://www.oyez.org/cases." http://www.oyez.org/. Np, 2005-2011. Network. 12 September 2011.4. http://www.about.com/. The New York Times Company, 2011. Web. September 12, 2011.5. http://www.infoplease.com/. Pearson Education, 2000-2011. Network. 12 September 2011.6. "http://www.law.cornell.edu/." http://www.law.cornell.edu/. Np, nd Web. 12 September 2011.