INTRODUCTIONPumping stations are facilities that include pumps and equipment for pumping fluids from one location to another. They are used for a variety of infrastructure systems, such as supplying water to canals, draining low-lying land, and removing wastewater at processing sites. There are three types of systems related to sanitary pumping stations1) Municipal - These systems are designed to serve a certain natural drainage area and are part of the public sanitary sewer system.2) Industrial - These are designed to serve a certain industry and, generally , pump towards public sanitary sewers. They are usually owned and operated by industry.3) Residential: Serve individuals or multifamily developments.DETERMINATION OF FLOW RATEThe estimate of residential wastewater flow is based on population size. The flow rate varies based on daily and weekly cycles, the variation is between 0.5 and 1.5 times the average flow rate. Industrial effluents should be estimated on a case-by-case basis, depending on the type of plant. The amount of leakage water present depends on a number of variables, such as the groundwater level, local precipitation, soil characteristics, and the general condition of underground pipes. It can be estimated as a unit per unit of pipe length, for example kilometer, or as a ratio relative to the amount of sewage. The determination of the average daily flow is set by knowing the service area to be provided. This service area should be determined by considering the present and future aspects of the land area, the increase in population and the size of the sanitary pumping station that will be installed. The peak flow rate is then calculated by multiplying the average daily flow by the peak factor (g...... center of paper ......(in.) The maximum peak pressure, P, is therefore equal a P =- aV/2.31g.DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS Below are some other design aspects that should be considered when designing a sanitary pump.1) Odor control2) Net positive suction head3) Air/vacuum valves4) Safety5) Dead zone humidCONCLUSIONThe possibility of flooding the pumping station with consequent environmental damage must be taken into account. For this reason, wastewater pumping stations have two pumps in duty-standby configuration, each of which can handle the peak flow. Therefore, flooding will not occur in situations where a pump is out of service or stopped for maintenance. If the capacity of the pumping station is based on two pumps operating in parallel, a third pump should be provided as a reserve.