Index IntroductionDefinition of DevianceFunctions of DevianceSocial ControlReasons Behind Deviant BehaviorConclusionIntroductionDeviance, which refers to behavior that violates social norms, is a fundamental aspect of society influenced by various social factors and psychological factors. It is regulated through internal and external mechanisms of social control. Sociological theories provide explanations about the existence of deviance, its role in society, methods of regulation, and the psychological and social predispositions of deviant behavior. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an Original Essay Definition of Deviance Deviance is characterized by behavior that deviates from social norms and elicits a negative reaction within a specific group. It includes violations of informal social norms, such as etiquette, which are seen as mildly deviant, as well as violations of formally enacted rules, such as laws, which are severely punished. Since social norms differ between societies and cultures, there is no inherent deviant behavior. What may be considered inappropriate in one culture or group may be normal in another. Furthermore, social perceptions of acceptable behavior change over time, leading to changes in collective understanding of deviance. Functions of Deviance According to the theory of functionalism, which states that each element of social structure performs a specific function in maintaining social stability, deviance is a normal and necessary part of social organization. Emile Durkheim, a prominent French sociologist and founder of functionalism, identified several functions of deviance. First, deviance helps a society establish its moral boundaries and reaffirm social values ​​and norms. By addressing deviant behavior through discovery and punishment, individuals are reminded of their shared notions of right and wrong. Deviance also contributes to the creation of norms that guide behavior by establishing acceptable and unacceptable patterns of conduct. Second, deviance promotes social unity within a group or society. Common reactions to deviant behavior strengthen social bonds, as people band together in response to crimes or antisocial acts that impact the community. However, differences in norms and values ​​can also create boundaries and promote an “us versus them” mentality between different cultures, groups and societies. This can lead to hostility towards individuals with different values. However, deviance can also foster solidarity within marked communities, giving rise to deviant subcultures proud of their stigmatized identity. Third, deviance can promote social change and positive developments. Positive reactions to deviant behavior can initiate a process of change. This has been observed in the acceptance of previously stigmatized groups, such as the African American population in the mid-20th century and the LGBT community in the second half of the 20th century. The gradual acceptance of these groups has led to social progress and greater inclusiveness. Finally, sociologist Herbert Gans proposed that deviance creates jobs aimed at addressing deviant behavior. Institutions such as the police, prison systems, criminology, social psychology, and rehabilitation centers rely on the recognition of deviant behavior to function. In contrast, individuals stigmatized as deviants often find themselves engaged in jobs that are undesirable to others.