Urban congestion is a big problem in Egypt and the Egyptian government is trying to find a solution to this problem. Urban congestion is present in large cities and occurs if many people live in a city. It causes many problems in Egypt such as the spread of diseases due to the large number of people, this also causes deterioration of public health where government hospitals are very busy with the large number of patients due to the increase in population in a specific place . It also causes pollution of air, sound, water, etc. So when we talk about urban congestion in Egypt we have to talk about urban congestion in Cairo. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get Original EssayThere is a big difference in urban congestion between cities, as we can see that there are 7,734,614 people in Cairo, but in Suhag there are 209,419 people. Cairo has the largest population and is the third largest Islamic city in the world by population. So, what are the causes of urban congestion in Egypt? Internal migration: is the movement of people from their residence to another in the same country to achieve permanent residence. This plays an important role in the distribution of the country's population. For example, marriage as 42% of immigrants migrate due to marriage. And for this reason the number of immigrant women was expected to be higher than that of immigrant men (59%:19% respectively); this is because the wife goes to her husband's house. Economic causes: since most people prefer to leave a rented residence and move to a purchased home. Housing: Some people are forced to change residence and move to another due to space shortage or huge unused space in their homes. Occupational causes: some people leave their residence and move to another for a better job and a better social level. Education: Many college students have to move to another city for a better university, for example: Some college students from Suhag or Asyut go to Cairo or Giza to attend a better university like Ain-Shams or Cairo University. The Impacts of Urbanization CongestionAround $8 billion is lost every year in Cairo due to traffic congestion and this represents 3.6% of Egypt's GDP and this makes resolving traffic congestion in Cairo and major Egyptian cities a top priority. This is according to the World Bank study released this summer, as shown in graph (2): In comparison, New York loses $10 billion a year due to fuel waste alone, which represents 0.07 of America's GDP while Jakarta $5 billion per year which represents 0.6% of Indonesia's GDP. Please note: this is just an example. Get a custom paper from our expert writers now. Get a Custom Essay Most people depend on their cars because of crowded buses and expensive taxis, people also depend on cars because they are the easiest way to reach their destination. This is due to the unorganized transport system, especially for buses. Depending on the cars, street parking is also limited because everyone wants a nearby parking space which makes the space cramped for moving cars. There are only about 1,500 and 70 km of metro lines in Cairo where there is no Bus Rapid Transmit (BRT) system and there is strong public demand for the development of public transport in Cairo, as the metro line.