Manifest Destiny in this era included the idea of ​​“pulling yourself up by your bootstraps” and survival of the fittest. Defying civilization, concepts of masculinity and the balance between industrialized society and wild nature are illustrated in works of the era, including The Call of the Wild. The novel's main character, Buck, struggles between his civilized upbringing and the new wilderness he finds himself in, which clearly illustrates Americans' struggle to develop new ways of understanding their rapidly industrialized society. London's idea of ​​the "law of the stick and the fang" illuminates the obsession with the idealized wilderness of the world that can be conquered compared to the civilized world that the United States has transformed