It does this to show the reader the negative effects members experience when they are constantly on their smartphones. Quote: "Also related, a Manhattan business guy explains, to texting as you exit the subway and then slowing down when you get to the exit. Because no one really knows where they're going. They live moment to moment, like you do it on the phone, and they rely on MapQuest….In the pre-digital world, life required modesty and forethought, or at least a list. Not anymore.” In this quote above there is a comparison between the way society lived before the extensive use of smartphone and the way members of society live with smartphone. Society has changed negatively, in the sense that they use their brains less. Previously, you had to look at the street corner and figure out how to get to places on your own. Right now, all you have to do is connect the address to your phone. Society is increasingly reliant on smartphones; this consequently makes them stupider. The more an individual uses their brain, the more brilliant they will be. The Manhattan businessman draws the comparison that life used to require modesty and forethought, and now currently requires neither. Toward the end of the second page the Manhattan businessman makes the following statement: “Rules of conduct take hundreds of years to develop. Shaking hands, looking someone in the eye, listening intently to a conversation, even the golden rule, are the distillation of thousands of years of human interaction. This man compares and contrasts society as it was in the past versus how society is today. It discusses the negative changes we experience as a result of excessive smartphone use. In the quote he points out that rules of conduct took hundreds of years to develop and suddenly disappear because an object called