Topic > Montage Giants: Kuleshov, Pudovkin and Eisenstein

Filmmaker and theorist Lev Kuleshov is known today as the grandfather of Soviet montage theory. His works include The Extraordinary Adventures of Mr. West in the Land of the Bolsheviks (1924), Death Ray (1925), The Great Consoler (1933), and We from the Urals (1943). Kuleshov's life work had a profound influence on the filmmakers around him and today's filmmakers. One of his greatest triumphs was co-founding the Moskow Film School, the world's first film school. In an era when cinema was still in its infancy, Kuleshov was perhaps the first to theorize the power of this new narrative medium. These theories and experiments would pave the way for future giants of Russian cinema such as Pudovkin and Eisenstein (who studied briefly with him). Kuleshov's most famous experiment is known today as the Kuleshov Effect. To demonstrate the power of editing, he projected a shot of the expressionless face of Tsarist matinee idol Ivan Mozzhukhin, followed by a shot of a bowl of soup. Test audiences praised Mozzhukin's performance for the subtle way he craved soup. Kuleshov then projected the same shot of Mozzhukin to a new audience, this time followed by a shot of a dead girl in a coffin. Viewers were amazed by the tender sadness in Mozzhukin's expression. Eventually Muzzhukin's face was followed by the image of a beautiful woman. Once again, the public has been deceived. Kuleshov believed that his experiment demonstrated how the viewer infers a spatial relationship from one shot to the next and projects their response to the image onto the next. This, he claimed, was the key to cinema. Vsevolod Pudovkin: Pudovkin was a Russian/Soviet director and actor who also showed great insight into the world of film editing. Many have learned from her “Five……middle of paper……she. This is exemplified in the Odessa sequence of the Battle of Potemkin. Overtonal editing happens when we use all of these techniques to build a scene. The viewer has the sensation of no longer looking at just a set of shots, but rather an event that unfolds in front of him. Intellectual editing occurs when you edit shots together to create a third intellectual meaning. The scene is no longer just about what we see; the shots are more of a visual metaphor for a larger theme. Works CitedWestbrook, A, April 2011, 'Five Principles of Editing, URL: http://adamwestbrook.wordpress.com/2011/04/21/the-five-principles -of-editing/ Author unknown, Date unknown, 'Theory of Montage', URL: http://faculty.cua.edu/johnsong/hitchcock/pages/montage/montage-1.html Lindsey, W, Unknown date, 'Sergio Eisenstein's Cinematographic Techniques', URL: http:/ /filmdirectors.co/sergei-eisenstein-filmmaking-techniques/