Their study used data from “Welfare, Children, and Families: A Three-City Study,” their study found that “thirty-five per percent of 2- to 4-year-olds had mothers who reported DV victimization; 16% reported an increase in DV victimization over 2 years” (Schnurr, MP, & Lohman, BJ, 2013, p. 1016).In contrast to past literature, exposure to domestic violence in early childhood did not significantly influence middle childhood outcomes, but their internalizing and externalizing problems and school engagement increased significantly as victimization increased. of domestic violence by the mother (Schnurr, MP, & Lohman, BJ.,