The female body is socially constructed in different ways across categories of race, sexuality and gender. Society has enormous control over women's bodies and sometimes influences them to make "choices" that are harmful to themselves. This article focuses on Fausto-Sterling's The Bare Bones of Sex and how medical research has failed to consider the impacts of social and not just biological factors on bone health; Thompson's A Way Outa No Way... which argues that eating disorders are due solely to the social norm of physical appearance and the limitation of eating problems to only middle- and upper-class white heterosexual women; and finally Davis' Loose Lips Sink Ship, which addresses the growing popularity of labiaplasty in the United States and the outrage shown towards African women who indulge in female genital mutilation. The following paragraphs will discuss the ways in which the female body has been neglected in society and the “choices” made to conform to society's norms. Fausto-Sterling expresses concern about the negligence medical researchers have shown towards women's bone health. Matters related to the body are classified into sex and gender, and sex includes everything biological, while gender takes care of the rest. This classification research is quite problematic because it prevents women from being included in medical research. The author states that “the body is composed of genes, hormones, cells, and organs – all of which influence health and behavior – as well as culture and history” (Taylor 327). The body is shaped by whatever cultural experience it undergoes. But the lack of integration of this into medical research makes it a little difficult to improve women's health. The author uses bones to make his point; Osteoporosis is known to occur more in women than in men, but this does not take into account ethnicity, diet or activities performed
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