Albert Einstein is thought to have popularized the idea that society favors the logical mind - which people are taught to use - over that of creativity and intuition, which cannot be learned. However, the Harlem Renaissance is a key cultural movement that shows the value of creative forms in bringing about political and social change. This African American movement generated distinctly black literary works that ushered in a change in race relations in the United States. Leading this movement were Langston Hughes and Claude McKay, whose literature contributed to the Harlem Renaissance by raising awareness of what it meant to be black in the United States and developing a new African-American cultural identity. Both To The WhiteSongs of Jamaica was written when Hughes was still living on the island and consequently gives the reader an insight into the poet's early influences. Furthermore, most of the themes present in McKay's future works are introduced here. Along with Jamaican peasant culture, McKay points out in his autobiography, A Long Way From Home, that it celebrates "The instinctive, animal, and purely physical pride of a black person resolute in being himself and yet living a simple, civilized life." . (189). A fitting example of this recognition is in “The Biter Bit” from Songs of Jamaica. The poem is about an old woman's battle to protect her garden from mice. This poem, which captures a cliché, is written in the Jamaican dialect that has developed since the days of slavery. The popularity of this book, which was not written in standard American English, encouraged African Americans to reconnect with their heritage. This appreciation of everyday black culture is also present in Hughes' Harlem Sweeties. Hughes uses simple rhyme schemes and candy comparisons to create an uplifting and celebratory poem in which the women of Harlem are appreciated for their beauty. Hughes (as quoted in Page, 1973) writes, "Ginger, wine-gold, persimmon, blackberry, across the spectrum, Harlem girls vary." (709) The standard of beauty that Hughes writes about is the opposite of popular (white) literature. Their literature aimed to separate the "black man" from the obstructive stereotypes that had strained relationships between African Americans and their heritage. The creative minds of Hughes and McKay joined a movement that used art forms such as music, painting, and literature to achieve social and political progress in the United States.
tags