The Civil War raged in the 1860s. One of the major problems of the war was slavery. For four long years the North and the South fought. Both sides had many successful battles such as Fredresicksburk and Gettysburg. Finally, in the spring of 1865, General Robert E. Lee surrendered the last major Confederate army to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Courthouse on April 9, 1865. Immediately five years into the war, Congress passed the 13 Three Amendments, 14 and 15. These three amendments were intended to restructure the United States from a half-free country to one that guaranteed the blessings of freedom to all people, including former slaves and their descendants. These amendments created a spark that led to a series of events that changed America like nothing else has. The 13th Amendment granted freedom to all slaves and abolished slavery or any type of reluctant servitude in America. The 14th Amendment granted made all slaves or people born in the country American citizens. The 15th Amendment guaranteed all slaves the right to vote. By making the amendments the Congress of America was trying to end discrimination in the country. These three amendments were intended to restructure the United States from a half-free country to one that guaranteed the blessings of freedom to all people, including former slaves and their descendants. Now that African Americans were free they had to decide what they were going to do. Some moved north and west, but many remained in the south. They reunited their scattered families and built churches that also served as community centers, employment agencies, and schools. For the first time, blacks... in the center of the card... Artin Luther King Jr. as their leader. As a minister he told them not to use violence. Soon the government began to get involved in the situation. They began to take different positions in court cases. They made sure all white schools started except for black students. In 1957 they passed the Civil Rights Act of 1957 which created the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights which had the power to investigate civil rights violations. Congress subsequently passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964. It banned segregation in public accommodations and gave the government the ability to force school boards to desegregate their schools. The law also allowed the Justice Department to punish those who violated human rights and outlawed discrimination. Without these three important parts of our Constitution, none of this would have been possible and the world would not be as it is today..